Effects of single layer and bilayer hydroxyapatite scaffold architectures on cell activity

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dc.contributor.advisorAppleford, Mark R.
dc.contributor.authorHernandez, Jesus
dc.contributor.committeeMemberOng, Joo
dc.contributor.committeeMemberSylvia, Victor
dc.contributor.committeeMemberPhelix, Clyde
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-09T22:24:51Z
dc.date.available2024-02-09T22:24:51Z
dc.date.issued2011
dc.descriptionThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.
dc.description.abstractEstimates of over 500,000 bone-grafting procedures are performed annually in the United States, with approximately half of these procedures related to spine fusion (Greenwald AS 2001). Common therapies include autograft and allograft bone substitutes; however, these treatments carry associated risks such as donor site morbidity and disease transmission that may decrease the quality of life for any patient. This study is intended for development of a ceramic-based bone-graft substitute that can help substitute current bone-graft therapies. Currently, it is unclear as how pore gradients affect cellular activity. This study evaluated open-porous scaffolds with varying pore architecture in terms of metabolic activity, differentiation, and distribution for human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells. Two hydroxyapatite (HAp) architectures consisting of different pore size configurations were evaluated. Five scaffold groups consisting of single (three uniform porous) and bilayer (two dual porous) designs were used and further evaluated through biological characterization via <italic>in vitro</italic> studies. HAp characterization studies were evaluated for cell attachment and loading confluence to evaluate HEPM cellular response for 3-D scaffold seeding. Individual scaffold groups (n=6) were also evaluated for their surface area through BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) protein adsorption along with porosity characterization. HEPM cells were further loaded onto each scaffold for 28 days to determine cell metabolic activity through alamarBlue and alkaline phosphatase detection. Cell distribution was evaluated via polarized light through longitudinal histological sections. Porosity differences amongst each individual scaffold group showed no significant differences. BSA protein adsorption was highest in the 250&#956;l scaffold group. Surface area through BSA adsorption was determined to not be significant. In addition, 28 days revealed high metabolic activity of a 200/340&#956;m bilayer and 340&#956;m single layer scaffold. Secreted alkaline phosphatase was measured to reveal that after 4 weeks, both bilayers (200/450&#956;m, 200/340&#956;m) and the 340&#956;m single layer had the highest differentiation activity. Furthermore, cell distribution revealed that scaffolds consisting of larger pore size had an even distribution of HEPM cells throughout the construct.
dc.description.departmentBiomedical Engineering
dc.format.extent89 pages
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.isbn9781267084811
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12588/3965
dc.languageen
dc.subjectBilayer
dc.subjectCell Activity
dc.subjectCell Distribution
dc.subjectHydroxyapatite
dc.subjectScaffold
dc.subjectSingle Layer
dc.subject.classificationBiomedical engineering
dc.subject.classificationCellular biology
dc.subject.classificationEngineering
dc.subject.classificationMaterials Science
dc.titleEffects of single layer and bilayer hydroxyapatite scaffold architectures on cell activity
dc.typeThesis
dc.type.dcmiText
dcterms.accessRightspq_closed
thesis.degree.departmentBiomedical Engineering
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Texas at San Antonio
thesis.degree.levelMasters
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Science

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