Laboratory Study on Particle Size Effects on Constant-volume Particle-driven Gravity Currents

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dc.contributor.advisorTestik, Firat Y.
dc.contributor.authorIkeda, Jin
dc.contributor.committeeMemberGao, Yongli
dc.contributor.committeeMemberHuang, Jie
dc.contributor.committeeMemberJohnson, Drew
dc.contributor.committeeMemberJoseph, John
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-09T22:24:04Z
dc.date.available2021-05-16
dc.date.available2024-02-09T22:24:04Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionThis item is available only to currently enrolled UTSA students, faculty or staff. To download, navigate to Log In in the top right-hand corner of this screen, then select Log in with my UTSA ID.
dc.description.abstractIn this dissertation, particle size effects on propagation behavior, sediment deposition patterns and suspended sediment concentrations in constant-volume of particle-driven gravity currents were mainly investigated. The gravity currents were generated by a lock exchange in a two-dimensional tank, and the propagation behavior and particle characteristics of depositions and suspended sediments were investigated using various instruments and techniques such as image processing technique, filtration technique, a laser diffraction size analyzer, and an Acoustic Doppler velocimetry. The main finding of this study is that particle size and turbulence control the dynamics of the particle-driven gravity currents and the deposited and suspended sediment characteristics in these currents. In this study, two propagation phases were proposed based on turbulent Reynolds number ReL and particle settling behaviors. The critical turbulent Reynolds number ReLc was estimated to be the order of one (~ 2 in our estimates). The effects of particle size on the particle settling velocity were relatively small in the early propagation stage (we called the turbulent dominated settling (TDS) propagation phase) due to strong turbulent flow and were significant in the later propagation stage (we called the gravity dominated settling (GDS) propagation phase) because of decreasing turbulence effects. The vertical concentration profiles at the current head were nearly linear within the TDS phase and changed to an exponential profile during their propagation; especially, the concentration profile quickly decreased in large particles. In addition, horizontal particle sorting that is size grading of particles towards the flow direction was more significant rather than vertical particle sorting.
dc.description.departmentCivil and Environmental Engineering
dc.format.extent133 pages
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12588/3895
dc.languageen
dc.subjectparticle size distribution
dc.subjectparticle-driven gravity current
dc.subjectsettling velocity
dc.subjectshallow-water model
dc.subjectsuspended sediment concentration
dc.subjectturbulent flow
dc.subject.classificationPhysical oceanography
dc.subject.classificationCivil engineering
dc.titleLaboratory Study on Particle Size Effects on Constant-volume Particle-driven Gravity Currents
dc.typeThesis
dc.type.dcmiText
dcterms.accessRightspq_closed
thesis.degree.departmentCivil and Environmental Engineering
thesis.degree.grantorUniversity of Texas at San Antonio
thesis.degree.levelDoctoral
thesis.degree.nameDoctor of Philosophy

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