UTSA Faculty, Staff and Postdoctoral Researcher Work
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Item Assessment of archaeological resources in certain areas of the Allens Creek watershed, Austin County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1974-09) Bass, Feris A., Jr.In accordance with an agreement between the Soil Conservation Service (United States Department of Agriculture) and the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio, an archaeological survey was carried out in certain portions of the AlIens Creek Watershed, Austin County, Texas. Fieldwork was conducted in late August, 1974, by Feris A. Bass, Jr., Research Associate of the Center. Dr. Thomas R. Hester, Director of the Center, was in overall supervision of the project. The survey encompassed 20 ditch segments (see Map 1) with a total linear distance of 33 miles and covering 618 acres. The purpose of the survey was to ascertain the existence of any historic or archaeological data which should be preserved in the public interest. Further requirements under the agreement with the Soil Conservation Service were: 1. Determine if archaeological resources exist within the area slated for modification. 2. If resources were found, to identify and appraise the significance of resources. 3. Evaluate the impact of project installation on each resource. 4. Provide the result in recommendations for mitigation of adverse impacts anticipated. 5. Provide estimate of costs required for mitigation (salvage, protection, etc.)Item Archaeological survey of areas proposed for modification in the Salado Creek watershed, Bexar County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1974-11-01) Bass, Feris A., Jr.; Kelly, Thomas C.; Fox, Anne A.; Harris, Edwin S.; Chadderdon, Mary F.In late October, 1974, the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio carried out an archaeological survey of the upper Salado Creek Watershed. Localities slated for the construction of 10 Soil Conservation Service floodwater retarding structures were examined, and 29 prehistoric and historic archaeological sites were found. These cultural resources are described and evaluated. Recommendations are provided for the mitigation of adverse effects on certain of these resources.Item An Archaeological survey of portions of the Chiltipin-San Fernando Creeks watershed, Jim Wells County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1974-11-25) Hester, Thomas R.; Bass, Feris A., Jr.In accordance with an agreement (Purchase Order No. 427-TX-SCS-7S) between the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service and the Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio, an archaeological survey was carried out in a portion of the Chiltipin-San Fernando Creeks Watershed in Jim Wells County, Texas (see Fig. 1). The specific area examined during the survey was the proposed site for Floodwater Retarding Structure No. 5 (Revised), encompassing 320 hectares (790 acres) and extending for approximately 3 km along the course of Chiltipin Creek (Fig. 1). The purpose of the survey was to ascertain the existence of any historic or archaeological data which should be preserved in the public interest.Item An archaeological survey of the Nichols Creek channel modification, Karnes County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1974-12-15) Fox, Anne A.During the week of November 17-23, 1974, the author conducted an archaeological survey on Nichols Creek in the town of Kenedy, Karnes County, Texas. The survey was conducted under an agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and The University of Texas at San Antonio, Center for Archaeological Research (a part of Purchase Order No. 427-TX-SCS-7S). The project was under the general supervision of Dr. Thomas Hester. The SCS proposes to channelize a major portion of the creek and of the area where it joins Escondido Creek, to prevent future flooding within the town. The purpose of the survey was to ascertain if any archaeological sites, prehistoric or historic, would be affected by the project, and to obtain an inventory of such sites where they exist. Standard archaeological procedures were followed during the course of the work, including preliminary documentary research and intensive survey in the field.Item Archaeological investigations at four sites in the dry Comal watershed, Comal County, South Central Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Kelly, Thomas C.; Hester, Thomas R.In September, 1975, personnel of The University of Texas at San Antonio, Center for Archaeological Research, conducted an intensive archaeological survey of certain prehistoric sites in the vicinity of Floodwater Retarding Structure No.1, Dry Comal Creek, Comal County, Texas. These investigations were carried out at the request of the U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service (purchase order 207-Tx-SCS-76). The area incorporated by Floodwater Retarding Structure No. 1 is on the West Fork of Dry Comal Creek and had been the scene of two earlier archaeological surveys, in November, 1974 (Hester, Bass and Kelly 1975), and in April, 1975 (Kelly and Hester 1975). Both surveys had produced data on a series of archaeological sites (a total of 25 sites was documented; Fig. 1) and in the latter survey (Kelly and Hester 1975), specific recommendations had been made regarding some of the archaeological resources in the area. It was as a result of these recommendations that the present survey was implemented. Three archaeological sites, 41 CM 84, 41 CM 85, and 41 CM 86, are situated at the eastern end of the proposed floodwater retarding structure. All lie above the 900-foot elevation which represents the margin of the maximum flood pool. However, available engineering data suggested that the construction activities involved in the project would lead to the damage or possible destruction of the three sites. Kelly and Hester (1975: 27-29) suggested two possible alternatives regarding the sites: either move the eastern end of the dam so as to avoid the sites entirely, or conduct additional limited investigations so that the sites might be better evaluated. The latter alternative was chosen by the SCS Temple office.Item An archaeological survey of areas proposed for modification in the vicinity of Del Rio International Airport(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) McDonald, Kenyon; Hester, Thomas R.In accordance with an agreement between URS/Forrest and Cotton, Inc., consulting engineers (Dallas, Texas), and the Center for Archaeological Research at the University of Texas at San Antonio, an archaeological survey was conducted on property adjacent to the Del Rio International Airport, Val Verde County, Texas. The specific area examined during the survey is the proposed site for airport expansion and construction as part of the Del Rio International Airport Master Plan. The locality examined encompassed a total of 197 acres and extended along the runway, on the south, from approximately midway to approximately 800 meters beyond (going west) . The main purpose of the survey was to determine if there existed any historic or archaeological evidence that .]ould warrant preservation or further investigation.Item An archaeological assessment of the southern portion of the Olmos Basin, Bexar County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Fox, Anne A.During the months of January and February, 1975, an archaeological survey of the Olmos Basin from Olmos Dam to Hildebrand Avenue was conducted by the author for the Center for Archaeological Research of the University of Texas at San Antonio. The purpose of the survey was to locate, record, and assess the archaeological importance of any historic and prehistoric sites within the basin. The survey area was limited to lands owned by the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, but sites reported in the immediately surrounding area have also been noted in order to form a more complete archaeological picture.Item An archaeological survey of tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) McDonald, KenyonIn early August, 1975, the Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio, carried out an appraisal of archaeological and historical resources in certain areas along the Gulf Intracoastal Haterway Tributary Channel to Aransas Pass, Texas. The work was done under the terms of a contract (DACW64-76-M-0040) between The University of Texas at San Antonio and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District. The Corps of Engineers proposes to modify the present tributary channel to Aransas Pass through a program of dredging which will both widen and deepen the channel in Nueces and San Patricio Counties. As a result of the proposed dredging operations, several areas adjacent to the tributary channel will be affected by the disposal of dredged material. Therefore, the investigations by the Center were designed to determine if archaeological and/or historical resources existed within those areas which were to be affected. 1n accordance with Corps of Engineers specifications, the Center had the further responsibilities of evaluating the significance and importance of such resources, of ascertaining the potential effects of dredging and disposal activities on the resources, and of recommending means of mitigating damage or destruction of such resources. The specific survey areas consisted of six localities, each of which may be utilized for spoil disposal. These were: (1) an area of 120 acres on the northwest portion of South Harbor Island, adjacent to a private channel; (2) 95 acres near, and southvlest of, Texas Higln.;ray 361 on central South Harbor Island; (3) 120 acres on North Harbor Island, adjacent to the Lydia Ann Channel; (4) an area of 35 acres jus teas t of Aransas Pass and adj acent to the Conn Brmffi Harbor Turning Basin; (5) 75 acres east of Aransas Pass, betVleen Redfish Bay and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and north of Texas Highway 361; and (6) 60 acres on and adjacent to Stedman Island, and south of Texas Highway 361. In all, a total of 505 acres was surveyed.Item An assessment of archaeological resources in portions of Starr County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Nunley, Parker; Hester, Thomas R.Fifty-two archaeological sites in the vicinity of nine projects proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, in Starr County, Texas, are described and evaluated. It was determined that no further investigation need be made at 29 of these sites, whereas controlled collections and testing is necessary at 18 sites, and excavation is recommended at an additional five sites.Item An archaeological survey of Friedrich Park, Bexar County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Smith, Harvey P.; McDonald, KenyonAn archaeological survey of the Friedrich Park property, in north Bexar County, Texas, was conducted by the Center for Archaeological Research, University of Texas at San Antonio. These investigations were made at the request of the Parks and Recreation Department of the City of San Antonio. The field work was undertaken by the authors during the months of May and July, 1975. All field activities were carried out under the terms of State Antiquities Permit No. 83. Friedrich Park is located in northern Bexar County, approximately 10 miles north of IH 410 and west of IH 10. The specific area examined encompassed a total of approximately 200 acres. The purpose of the survey was to ascertain the existence of any historic or archaeological resources which should be preserved in the interest of the park. Once resources were found, the task of the survey team was to evaluate the nature and the significance of the sites.Item Archaeological survey of areas slated for modification, Laredo International Bridge II, City of Laredo, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Bass, Feris A., Jr.; Hester, Thomas R.In September, 1975, personnel of the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, carried out archaeological survey and assessment of areas slated for modification in the Laredo International Bridge II project. The field work followed standard archaeological procedures and was conducted under the terms of an ordinance (dated August 19, 1975) passed by the City Council of Laredo, Texas. We would like to acknowledge our gratitude to Mr. Paul Garza for his assistance during the archaeological investigations. [...] The objective of the survey was to determine the existence of any archaeological or historical resources; to record, identify and appraise the significance of such resources; to evaluate the impact of the proposed con-struction project on each of these resources; and, to provide recommendations for the mitigation of any adverse impacts.Item Archaeological and Historical Resources in the San Antonio-Guadalupe River Basins: A Preliminary Statement(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Hester, Thomas R.In November, 1974, the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio was requested to prepare an archaeological-historical resource inventory of the Guadalupe-San Antonio River Basins. This work was done under contract with Ecol ogy Audits, Inc. of Dallas, Texas. The contract called for the inventory to be of a general nature, suitable for use as a base line description in planning. The contract stated that the following items were to be included in the assessment: 1) Inventories for the 15 counties within the basin: Bandera, Bexar, Caldwell, Calhoun, Comal, DeWitt, Goliad, Gonzales, Guadalupe, Hays, Karnes, Kendall, Kerr, Victoria, and Wilson Counties, as well as two counties, Medina and Uvalde, lying outside the study area. 2) Topics including, but not limited to: a. Statements about archaeological sites and their significance. b. Indian cultures. c. Other ethnic cultures. d. Religious groups. e. "Western Frontier". f. Architecture and styles. g. Major historical events. h. Major historical persons. 3) General Assessment of archaeological and historical resources in the following proposed reservoirs: a. Lockhart Reservoir (Gonzales County). b. Cloptin Crossing Reservoir (Hays County). c. Goliad Reservoir (Goliad and Karnes Counties). d. Applewhite Reservoir (DeWitt County). e. Cuero Reservoir (DeWitt County). f. Ingram Reservoir (Kerr County). This report presents the results of the study carried out by the Center for Archaeological Research. Active participants in various phases of the project included the following Center personnel: Feris A. Bass, Jr., Mary Frances Chadderdon, Nancy Y. Clayton, Anne A. Fox, E. S. Harris, Cheryl Lynn Highley, Jules Jacquier, Thomas C. Kelly, and Harvey P. Smith, Jr.Item Some Aspects of Late Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology in Southern Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975) Hester, Thomas R.; Hill, T. C., Jr.This paper is concerned with the last several hundred years of the prehistoric period in the southern part of Texas. The earlier human occupation of this region, extending back perhaps 11,000 years, has been summarized elsewhere (Hester 1971a). The Paleo-Indian period is represented by scattered surface finds of Clovis and Folsom projectile points, and by a variety of "Late Paleo-Indian" point styles, such as Plainview, Scottsbluff, Golondrina, Angostura, and Meserve. The following Archaic era is poorly defined, although there are numerous surface sites and an abundance of chipped stone artifacts (cf. Weir 1956; Hester, White and White 1969). The late prehistoric era in southern Taxas shares many characteristics with contemporary cultural developments in other parts of Texas, during a period which Suhm, Krieger and Jelks (1954: 20) have termed "Neo-American". New traits which were introduced into some parts of Texas at this time include the bow and arrow, ceramics, and the practice of agriculture; present evidence indicates that of these, only agriculture was absent from southern Texas.Item Archaeological survey of portions of the Comal River watershed, Comal County, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975-01-05) Hester, Thomas R.; Bass, Feris A., Jr.; Kelly, Thomas C.In November, 1974, an archaeological survey was carried out in portions of the Coma1 River Watershed, Coma1 County, Texas (Figs. 1, 2). These investigations resulted from an agreement (427-SCS-TX-75) betweenthe U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service and the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio. Fieldwork was conducted by personnel of the Center, under the supervision of Dr. Thomas R. Hester. The Soil Conservation Service proposes to construct two floodwater retarding structures in the Coma1 River Watershed: Floodwater Retarding Structure No. 1 will encompass 276 acres (112 hectares), while 558 acres (226 hectares) will be involved in the construction of Structure No.2. In order to assess the archaeological and historical resources within the two project areas, the survey teams carried out their field studies following these five guidelines: 1. Determine if such archeological resources exist within the areas committed to installation of each floodwater retarding structure. 2. If resources are found, record, identify, and appraise the significance of resources. 3. Evaluate the impact of project installation on each resource. 4. Provide and result in recommendations for mitigation of adverse impacts anticipated. 5. Provide estimate of costs required for mitigation (sal-vage, protection, etc.).Item An Initial Archaeological and Historical Assessment of Three Proposed Dam Sites in Gonzales and Kendall Counties, Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975-02) Hester, Thomas R.; Kelly, Thomas C.; Bass, Feris A., Jr.Under the terms of a contract with Ecology Audits, Inc., of Dallas, Texas, the Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio, carried out general archaeological and historical assessments in Gonzales and Kendall counties. The present report will form part of a larger document (to be submitted to the United States Bureau of Reclamation) dealing with proposed construction of the Gonzales and Dilworth dams (Gonzales County) and Dam 7 (Kendall County). During the month of February, 1975, personnel of the Center for Archaeological Research compiled information on the archaeology and history of the areas of the three proposed dam sites. Emphasis was placed on an assessment of the archaeological resources and 5.5 days were devoted to field visits to the three proposed reservoir basins. The purpose of these field trips was not intensive survey, but rather a brief on-the-ground inspection of certain portions of these reservoirs, in order to provide an initial, and quite general, assessment of the archaeological resources which might exist. Time was also devoted to a literature survey designed to provide historical summaries of the regions within which the reservoirs might be constructed.Item An archaeological survey of the upper Cibolo Creek watershed, central Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975-03) Bass, Feris A., Jr.; Hester, Thomas R.During February, 1975, the Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio carried out an archaeo-logical survey of the Upper Cibolo Creek Watershed in Kendall County, Texas. The Soil Conservation Service of the United States Department of Agriculture proposes to construct four floodwater retarding structures on upper Cibolo Creek and three of its tributaries (Ranger Creek, Frederick Creek, and Deep Hollow Creek) and the purpose of the archaeological survey was to provide an assessment of the historic and prehistoric cultural resources in these areas. The field work was conducted under the terms of a contract (AG-48-scs-02539) with the Soil Conservation Service, in which five major survey objectives were outlined: 1. Determine if archaeological resources exist within the area committed to installation of each floodwater retarding structure. 2. If resources are found, record, identify, and appraise the significance of resources including apparent eligibility for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. 3. Evaluate the impact of project installation on each resource. 4. Provide recommendations for mitigation of adverse impacts anticipated. 5. Provide estimate of costs required for mitigation (salvage, protection, etc.).Item Additional archaeological survey in the dry Comal watershed, Comal County, south central Texas(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1975-06) Kelly, Thomas C.; Hester, Thomas R.In April, 1975, an intensive archaeological survey was carried out in the area proposed for the construction of Floodwater Retarding Structure No.1, located on the West Fork of Dry Comal Creek, in Comal County, south central Texas (see Fig. 1). The survey was conducted in terms of an agreement (1339-TX-SCS-75) between the U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service and the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio. An initial reconnaissance of the area was conducted by Center personnel in November, 1974 and six archaeological sites were located (Hester, Bass and Kelly 1975). However, it was recognized that a more thorough survey would be required in order to fully appraise the archaeological resources at the locality. Therefore, an intensive survey was re-commended in the published report of the 1974 investigations (Hester, Bass and Kelly 1975: 22-23). The reader is referred to Hester, Bass and Kelly (1975) for a discussion of previous archaeological research in Comal County. A description of the Floodwater Retarding Structure No. 1 vicinity is also provided in that report. The dam site, and the sediment, flood, and detention pools, will encompass an area of approximately 276 acres (112 hectares).Item Papers on Paleo-Indian Archaeology in Texas: I(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1976) Hester, Thomas R.; Birmingham, William W.This third number in the Center's Special Report series contains two papers dealing with Paleo-Indian archaeology in Texas. Two additional papers dealing with this topic have recently been submitted. One involves a detailed review of the Plainview-Golondrina typological problem (authored by Thomas C. Kelly), and a second (written by Jules A. Jaquier), describing the bifacial implements from the Johnston-Heller site (41 VT 15; see this volume). We intend to publish these papers in the Special Report series at a later date, once editing and illustration preparation have been completed. Thomas R. Hester, DirectorItem An historical and archaeological assessment of the proposed San Antonio Botanical Center(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1976) Black, Stephen L.During late July and early August, 1976, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted an archaeological and historical assessment of the proposed San Antonio Botanical Center. The project was authorized by the City of San Antonio Department of Parks and Recreation, Ronald Darner, Director. The archaeological and historical investigations at the proposed Botanical Center were carried out under the terms of Permit for Archaeological Investigation, No. 122, issued by the Texas Antiquities Committee.Item The Texas Archaic: A Symposium(Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1976)The papers published in this volume were presented at a symposium entitled "The Texas Archaic" held in San Antonio on November 2, 1975, during the annual meeting of the Texas Archeological Society. Of those papers delivered during this symposium, only one, "Archaic Diets and Food Economies" (by V. M. Bryant, Jr.), is not presently available for publication. The present format has been utilized to insure rapid and economical publication of the symposium papers. The papers are primarily status reports, describing the current state of regional knowledge of the Archaic or dealing with specific aspects of the Archaic lifeway. As such, they are primarily designed to stimulate discussion and future research. They provide professional archaeologists interested in Texas archaeology with data and interpretations more recent than those contained in the Introductory Handbook on Texas Archeology (Suhm, Krieger and Jelks 1954) and the subsequent review of Texas archaeology published as volume 29 of the Bulletin of the Texas Archeological Society (1958). It is also hoped that these papers will help to introduce the growing number of amateur archaeologists in Texas to the many problems of the State's prehistory still remaining to be solved. It will take the concerted and collaborative efforts of both professionals and amateurs to come up with the solutions. Thomas R. Hester, Director, Center for Archaeological Research